In This Article
- DC 7806: The Rating Code for Eczema
- The Four Rating Levels (0% to 60%)
- Body Surface Area: How Percentages Are Calculated
- The Systemic vs. Topical Distinction
- The Corticosteroid Shortcut to 60%
- JAK Inhibitors and Biologics: The Underrecognized 60% Pathway
- The Topical-at-Scale Exception
- Service Connection: Burn Pits, Chemicals, and Environmental Exposure
- Secondary Conditions That Stack
- C&P Exam Strategy
- The Clothing Allowance Nobody Tells You About
- TDIU: When 60% Eczema Prevents You from Working
- Frequently Asked Questions
DC 7806: The Rating Code for Eczema
Every form of eczema and dermatitis — atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, dyshidrotic eczema, nummular eczema, seborrheic dermatitis — is rated under the same diagnostic code: DC 7806, found at 38 CFR § 4.118. This code uses the General Rating Formula for the Skin, which evaluates two things independently:
- Body surface area (BSA) — the percentage of your total body or exposed areas covered by active lesions
- Treatment intensity — the type and duration of therapy required over the past 12 months
The VA rates you on whichever pathway produces the higher rating. This is critical. A veteran whose skin looks clear on exam day but who has been on oral prednisone for 11 months qualifies for 60% under the treatment pathway alone. The skin does not need to be actively flaring at the time of the examination.
The Four Rating Levels (0% to 60%)
| Rating | Body Surface Area Criteria | Treatment Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 0% | Less than 5% of entire body, or less than 5% of exposed areas | No more than topical therapy required during the past 12 months |
| 10% | At least 5% but less than 20% of entire body, or at least 5% but less than 20% of exposed areas | Intermittent systemic therapy such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs required for a total duration of less than 6 weeks during the past 12 months |
| 30% | 20% to 40% of entire body, or 20% to 40% of exposed areas | Systemic therapy such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs required for a total duration of 6 weeks or more (but not constantly) during the past 12 months; or constant or near-constant topical corticosteroid therapy during the past 12 months |
| 60% | More than 40% of entire body, or more than 40% of exposed areas | Constant or near-constant systemic therapy such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or other immunosuppressive therapies required during the past 12 months |
Notice the jump between 30% and 60%. The dividing line is one word: systemic. Constant or near-constant topical therapy caps you at 30%. Constant or near-constant systemic therapy gets you to 60%. That single distinction is where most eczema claims are won or lost.
Body Surface Area: How Percentages Are Calculated
The VA uses two body surface area measurements, and you qualify for your rating if either one meets the threshold:
- Total body surface area: denominator of 2,636 square inches. This includes everything from scalp to soles.
- Exposed areas: denominator of 368 square inches. This covers only the head, face, neck, and hands — the parts visible in normal clothing.
The exposed-area pathway is the easier one to meet. If eczema affects your face and both hands, you may already be above the 20% exposed-area threshold for a 30% rating — even though those same areas represent a small fraction of your total body.
Calculating Your Own Percentage
The formula is straightforward:
(Affected area in square inches) ÷ (denominator) × 100 = percentage
For exposed areas, the denominator is 368 in². For total body, it is 2,636 in². If your eczema covers both hands (approximately 80 in² combined) and your face (approximately 60 in²), that is 140 ÷ 368 = 38% of exposed areas — which meets the 30% rating threshold.
The Systemic vs. Topical Distinction
After the Federal Circuit’s 2017 decision in Johnson v. Shulkin (862 F.3d 1351), VA codified a bright-line definition in the 2018 final rule at 38 CFR § 4.118(a):
“Systemic therapy is treatment that is administered through any route (orally, injection, suppository, intranasally) other than the skin.”
In plain English:
- Topical = anything applied directly to the skin (creams, ointments, lotions, foams, topical sprays)
- Systemic = anything that enters the body by any other route (pills, injections, nasal sprays, suppositories, IV infusions)
This distinction matters enormously. A veteran applying triamcinolone cream to their arms every day is on constant topical therapy — maximum 30%. A veteran taking prednisone tablets every day for the same eczema is on constant systemic therapy — 60%.
What Counts as Systemic Therapy for Eczema
- Oral corticosteroids (prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone) — pills taken by mouth
- Oral immunosuppressants (methotrexate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, mycophenolate)
- Biologic injections (dupilumab/Dupixent, tralokinumab/Adbry) — subcutaneous injections
- Oral JAK inhibitors (upadacitinib/Rinvoq, abrocitinib/Cibinqo, baricitinib/Olumiant) — pills
- Oral retinoids (acitretin/Soriatane)
- Phototherapy (narrowband UVB, PUVA) — explicitly classified as systemic in the 2018 rule
What Does NOT Count as Systemic Therapy
- Topical corticosteroid creams and ointments (triamcinolone, betamethasone, clobetasol) — even high-potency formulations
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus/Protopic, pimecrolimus/Elidel)
- Topical JAK inhibitors (ruxolitinib/Opzelura) — applied to the skin, so topical despite the drug class
- Moisturizers and emollients
- OTC hydrocortisone cream
The Corticosteroid Shortcut to 60%
The fastest path to a 60% eczema rating is the systemic therapy pathway. Here is how it works in practice:
If your dermatologist has prescribed oral corticosteroids (such as prednisone) on a constant or near-constant basis during the past 12 months, that alone qualifies you for the 60% rating under DC 7806. The regulation says “constant or near-constant systemic therapy such as corticosteroids” — it does not require the corticosteroids to be working, it does not require your skin to be clear, and it does not require a specific dosage.
What “Constant or Near-Constant” Means
VA does not define an exact number of weeks. The regulation distinguishes three tiers:
- Intermittent systemic therapy for less than 6 weeks — 10%
- Systemic therapy for 6 weeks or more but not constantly — 30%
- Constant or near-constant systemic therapy — 60%
In practice, BVA decisions treat systemic therapy prescribed and taken for most of the year — roughly 9 or more months out of 12 — as meeting the “constant or near-constant” threshold. Pharmacy fill records from the VA or your civilian pharmacy are the strongest evidence. If your prescription history shows monthly refills of an oral corticosteroid or biologic for 10 consecutive months, the treatment pathway is straightforward.
JAK Inhibitors and Biologics: The Underrecognized 60% Pathway
Since January 2022, the FDA has approved two oral JAK inhibitors specifically for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: upadacitinib (Rinvoq) and abrocitinib (Cibinqo). Baricitinib (Olumiant) is also used for atopic dermatitis. All three are taken as daily pills.
Under VA’s own definition, oral JAK inhibitors are unambiguously systemic therapy. They are taken by mouth, not applied to the skin. A veteran taking upadacitinib daily for eczema is receiving continuous systemic therapy. If taken for most of a 12-month period, this directly qualifies for the 60% rating.
Similarly, biologic injections like dupilumab (Dupixent) — a subcutaneous injection given every two weeks — qualify as systemic therapy. BVA Decision 21068458 (2021) explicitly confirmed that biologic injections for atopic dermatitis warrant the 60% rating. Dupilumab is on the VA formulary, meaning veterans receiving it through VA already have clear documentation in their medical records.
The Topical-at-Scale Exception
The Federal Circuit in Johnson v. Shulkin acknowledged one important exception: topical corticosteroid treatment administered “on a large enough scale” could constitute systemic therapy. This is not a theoretical argument — multiple BVA decisions have applied it:
- BVA 21068458 (2021): The Board found that topical corticosteroid use covering “entire head and most of the upper body is systemic in nature.”
- BVA 22006558 (2022): Confirmed that under the pre-August 2018 version of DC 7806, topical corticosteroid cream used “on a large enough scale” approximates systemic therapy.
If your eczema requires topical corticosteroids applied to large portions of your body (covering your torso, extremities, and head simultaneously), this argument may convert your topical therapy into a systemic-equivalent for rating purposes. It is strongest when supported by medical records documenting the extent and frequency of application.
Service Connection: Burn Pits, Chemicals, and Environmental Exposure
Before your eczema gets rated, you need service connection. There are several pathways:
Direct Service Connection
If your eczema started during or shortly after military service, direct service connection is the most straightforward path. You need:
- A current diagnosis of eczema or dermatitis
- An in-service event, injury, or exposure (chemical exposure, environmental conditions, occupational irritants)
- A medical nexus linking the two
Gulf War Presumptive (38 CFR § 3.317)
Gulf War veterans who served in the Southwest Asia theater of operations (from August 2, 1990 onward) and have a chronic, undiagnosed skin condition or medically unexplained chronic multi-symptom illness may qualify for presumptive service connection. This means no nexus letter is required. The condition must be rated at 10% or higher. The presumptive period extends through December 31, 2026.
Burn Pit / Environmental Exposure
Veterans exposed to burn pits, jet fuel, solvents, depleted uranium, Agent Orange, or other environmental hazards during service have a strong basis for direct service connection for skin conditions that developed after deployment. A nexus letter from a dermatologist explaining the link between specific chemical or particulate exposures and the development of dermatitis is the key piece of evidence.
Secondary Service Connection (38 CFR § 3.310)
Eczema can be service-connected as secondary to another already service-connected condition. The most common pathway: PTSD causes eczema. The stress-immune pathway linking PTSD to eczema flares is well-documented in medical literature — chronically elevated cortisol and inflammatory cytokines drive skin inflammation. A nexus letter from a dermatologist or psychiatrist explaining this mechanism is persuasive.
Secondary Conditions That Stack on Top of Eczema
A 60% DC 7806 rating is the ceiling for eczema itself. But the combined rating can go much higher when you claim conditions caused or aggravated by your service-connected eczema. These are rated under separate diagnostic codes with no pyramiding issue because they measure different functional impairments.
Mental Health (Depression, Anxiety)
Chronic, visible, itching eczema causes documented rates of depression, anxiety, social isolation, and sleep disruption. These psychiatric conditions are rated under 38 CFR § 4.130 — a completely different rating formula from DC 7806. A veteran can hold a 60% DC 7806 skin rating and a separate 30%, 50%, or 70% mental health rating. No pyramiding bar applies because DC 7806 rates skin pathology while § 4.130 rates occupational and social impairment from psychiatric symptoms.
Sleep Disturbance
Nocturnal itching from eczema disrupts sleep. If no psychiatric rating already captures this, a veteran may have grounds for a separate sleep-related secondary claim. This is underutilized.
Scarring (DC 7800–7805)
When chronic eczema produces permanent scarring — particularly on the head, face, or neck — a separate rating under the scar codes may apply. DC 7800 rates disfigurement of the head, face, and neck up to 80%. The DBQ form (Section 2B) explicitly asks whether the skin condition causes scarring or disfigurement, triggering referral to the Scars/Disfigurement DBQ.
The Atopic Triad: Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
The “atopic march” is a medically established progression: eczema in childhood or early adulthood leads to allergic rhinitis and asthma in approximately 30% of patients (NCBI StatPearls). Veterans with service-connected eczema who later develop asthma (DC 6602, rated up to 100%) or allergic rhinitis (DC 6522, rated at 10% without polyps or 30% with polyps) have a viable secondary service connection claim under 38 CFR § 3.310. This pathway requires a nexus letter from an allergist or dermatologist explaining the atopic march specific to the veteran’s medical history.
Osteoarthritis
A peer-reviewed study published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (Baker et al., 2023) found a 42–58% increased risk of osteoarthritis in patients with eczema or asthma, mediated through mast cell activation and allergic inflammation in joint tissue. Veterans with service-connected eczema who develop OA may have a secondary service connection pathway supported by this research. This requires a nexus letter citing the study and explaining the mechanism specific to the veteran.
C&P Exam Strategy
The C&P exam for eczema uses VA Form 21-0960F-2 (Skin Diseases DBQ). Here is what matters most and how to prepare:
Key DBQ Sections
- Section 2A (History): The examiner documents onset and course. Make sure your service treatment records and post-service dermatology records establish chronicity.
- Section 2B (Scarring): If eczema has caused any scarring or disfigurement on your head, face, or neck, the answer should be “yes” — this triggers completion of the separate Scars DBQ (Form 21-0960F-1) for a potentially separate rating.
- Section 3A (Medications): This is the systemic therapy gateway. The examiner lists oral and topical medications used in the past 12 months. Ensure every oral medication and injection is clearly identified by route of administration. The DBQ does NOT automatically distinguish between oral and topical — the examiner must specify.
- Section 5A (Body Surface Area): The examiner estimates the percentage of total body and exposed areas affected. This is done visually at the time of the exam.
Preparation Checklist
- Photograph your skin during active flares — date-stamped photos showing the extent of coverage. Bring printed copies to the exam.
- Bring your pharmacy records — a printed list of every eczema medication filled in the past 12 months, with dates and quantities. Highlight oral medications and injections.
- Ask your treating dermatologist to complete a private DBQ — especially Section 3A, where the doctor can explicitly note “oral JAK inhibitor (upadacitinib) taken daily — systemic therapy by route of administration.”
- Do not schedule your exam during a remission — if possible, request an exam during a flare. But remember: the treatment pathway does not depend on skin appearance at exam, so pharmacy records are your safety net.
- Document all affected body regions in writing — list every area where eczema appears (scalp, face, neck, hands, arms, torso, legs) so the examiner does not overlook areas that are between flares.
- Note secondary symptoms — sleep disruption, social avoidance, depression, anxiety, and scarring. These plant the seeds for secondary claims.
The Clothing Allowance Nobody Tells You About
Under 38 CFR § 3.810, veterans who use medication prescribed for a service-connected skin condition that causes irreparable damage to outer garments qualify for an annual clothing allowance. In 2026, the rate is $1,053.19 per qualifying medication, with a maximum of four allowances per year.
If your eczema medications — topical corticosteroids, emollients, tar-based treatments — stain or damage your clothing, you may qualify. Two qualifying medications means $2,106.38 per year on top of your monthly disability compensation. Since December 2022, no annual reapplication is required once the benefit is established.
TDIU: When 60% Eczema Prevents You from Working
A veteran with a 60% DC 7806 eczema rating meets the schedular threshold for Total Disability Individual Unemployability (TDIU) under 38 CFR § 4.16(a). TDIU pays at the 100% rate ($3,938.58/month for a single veteran in 2026) even though the schedular combined rating is below 100%.
For veterans whose eczema is rated below 60% but whose combined rating (with secondary conditions) reaches the schedular threshold, TDIU may also be available. And for those who cannot meet any schedular threshold, extraschedular TDIU under 38 CFR § 4.16(b) is a referral pathway that exists but requires VA to forward the case to the Director of Compensation Service.
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Start Free AnalysisFrequently Asked Questions
What is the VA rating for eczema?
VA rates eczema under Diagnostic Code 7806 at four levels: 0%, 10%, 30%, or 60%. The rating is determined by two independent pathways — body surface area coverage and treatment intensity. You receive whichever pathway produces the higher rating. The maximum schedular rating under DC 7806 is 60%, but secondary conditions (depression, anxiety, scarring, asthma, allergic rhinitis) can push the combined rating significantly higher.
What percentage of body area qualifies for each rating?
Under DC 7806: less than 5% of the entire body or exposed areas = 0%. At least 5% but less than 20% = 10%. Between 20% and 40% = 30%. More than 40% = 60%. The VA measures both total body surface area (denominator: 2,636 in²) and exposed areas only (head, face, neck, and hands; denominator: 368 in²). You qualify based on whichever measurement is more favorable.
Does using steroid cream count for the 60% rating?
No — with one exception. Topical steroid creams (applied to the skin) are classified as topical therapy, which maxes out at 30% for constant or near-constant use. To reach 60%, you need systemic therapy: oral corticosteroid pills, biologic injections, oral JAK inhibitors, or other medications administered by a route other than the skin. The exception: BVA decisions have accepted that topical corticosteroids applied “on a large enough scale” (covering most of the body) can qualify as systemic therapy, particularly for claims pending before August 2018.
Can eczema be secondary to burn pit exposure?
Yes. Veterans who deployed to Iraq, Afghanistan, or other qualifying locations and developed eczema after exposure to burn pits, chemicals, or environmental hazards can file for service connection. Gulf War veterans with chronic dermatitis rated at 10% or higher may qualify for presumptive service connection under 38 CFR § 3.317 — no nexus letter required. This presumptive window extends through December 31, 2026. For all other veterans, a dermatologist’s nexus letter connecting the specific exposure to the development of eczema is the key evidence.
Legal References
- 38 CFR § 4.118, DC 7806 — Dermatitis or eczema (General Rating Formula for the Skin)
- 38 CFR § 4.118(a) — Definition of systemic therapy vs. topical therapy (2018 final rule)
- 83 FR 32592 (July 13, 2018) — Final rule establishing bright-line systemic/topical definition
- Johnson v. Shulkin, 862 F.3d 1351 (Fed. Cir. 2017) — Systemic vs. topical distinction; topical-at-scale exception
- BVA 21068458 (2021) — Biologic injections qualify for 60%; topical-at-scale applied
- BVA 22006384 (2022) — 60% DC 7806 granted with simultaneous TDIU remand
- BVA 22006558 (2022) — 60% DC 7806 granted; TDIU denied for failure to show employment inability
- 38 CFR § 3.317 — Gulf War presumptive service connection
- 38 CFR § 3.310 — Secondary service connection
- 38 CFR § 3.810 — Clothing allowance
- 38 CFR § 4.16 — Total disability based on individual unemployability (TDIU)
- 38 CFR § 4.14 — Avoidance of pyramiding
- 38 CFR § 4.130 — General rating formula for mental disorders
- 38 CFR § 3.320 — Presumptive conditions for particulate matter / PACT Act
- PACT Act (2022) — Burn pit presumptive conditions for post-9/11 veterans
- VA Form 21-0960F-2 — Skin Diseases Disability Benefits Questionnaire (DBQ)
- Baker et al., Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2023), DOI 10.1136/ard-2022-223640 — OA risk with atopic disease